Courts and the Judicial Process in States and Local Governments


I.    State Courts - Colorado

    A.    Structure

        1.    Trial courts:  General Jurisdiction; Limited Jurisdiction

        2.    Intermediate Appellate Courts

        3.    Courts of Final Jurisdiction

    B.    Jurisdiction

II.    State Judicial Selection and Removal Methods

    A.    Five Selection Methods

        1.    Appointment by Governor       

        2.    Legislative Election

        3.    Partisan Election

        4.    Non-Partisan Election

        5.    Merit Selection (the Missouri Plan)

    B.    Removal Methods

        1.    Impeachment

        2.    Recall

        3.    Judicial Qualifications Commissions

        4.    Legislative Removal

        5.    Term Limits

        6.    Mandatory Retirement Age

    C.    General Characteristics

        1.    Limited Voter Information

        2.    Incumbency Advantage

        3.    Importance of Interim Appointments

        4.    Political Nature of Process

            a.    Bar politics

            b.    Partisan Politics

III.        Causes and Encouragements of Crime

    A.    Legal Definitions

    B.    Freedom

    C.    Social Heterogeneity

    D.    Limited Police Powers

    E.    Social Inequities

    F.    Access to Goods

    G.    High Percentage of Teenage Males

    H.    Rapid Social Change

    I.    Drug Culture

    J.    Media Attention

    K.    Even More Causes         

IV.      Police and Law Enforcement

    A.    Police Structures (Local)

    B.    Police Functions

        1.    Enforcing Laws

        2.    Keeping Peace

        3.    Solving Crimes

        4.    Providing Services

    C.    Police Discretion

    D.    Federal Agencies - Federalization of Law Enforcement

1.    Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms
2.    Drug Enforcement Administration
3.    Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
4.    Financial Crimes Enforcement Network
5.    Immigration and Naturalization Service
6.    Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
7.    Office of the Inspector General
8.    Securities and Exchange Commission
9.    U.S. Customs Service
10.    U.S. Department of Transportation
11.    U.S. Marshals Service
12.    U.S. Postal Inspection Service
13.    U.S. Secret Service

Key Web Sites

The Case for Partisan Judicial Elections

State Court Organization, 1987-2004

Bureau of Justice Statistics

Death Penalty Links

University of Alaska Justice Center:  Focus on Gun Control