FORCES FOSTERING LAW MAKING/INTEGRATION DIMENSION

1.                 institutional pride

2.                 substantive policy goals

3.                 effective presidential leadership

4.                 unified party control of government

5.                 unified party

6.                 effective leadership in Congress

7.                 perception of national crisis

8.                 media criticism of Congress

9.                 popular consensus on need for policy change

CONSEQUENCES OF CONGRESSIONAL INTEGRATION

1.     policy innovation

2.     emphasis on redistributive policies

3.     weakened influence of interest groups

4.     higher levels of turnover in members

5.     rises in popular approval of Congress

6.     enhanced willingness of Congress to handle political “hot potatoes”

7.     diminished power of committee chairpersons

8.     increased power of elected leadership

9.     increased congressional attention to bureaucratic oversight